We need to look at their self-concept and narrative understanding as well because this determines whether they will use their capacities. We cannot judge whether someone has impaired self-control solely by looking at the capacities they possess. However, the current theories are incomplete because they largely stay silent on how normative agency is impaired in addiction. I will argue that the current theories provide very valuable information on many of the challenges substance users face when exercising intentional or instrumental self-control. I propose a hierarchical account that shows how the current, seemingly conflicting, theories on addiction and self-control relate to each other. In this thesis I examine the various ways in which self-control can be impaired in addiction, and how self-control can be restored. Addiction is often seen as synonymous with losing self-control.
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